16.3. 常见术语¶
16.3.1. 二进制¶
- 最低有效位 (Least Significant Bit, LSB) 
- 最高有效位 (Most Significant Bit, MSB) 
16.3.1.1. 可执行文件¶
- 动态链接库 (Dynamic Linked Library, DLL) 
16.3.2. 编译¶
- 即时编译器 (Just In Time compiler, JIT) 
- 中间表示 (Intermediate Representation, IR) 
- 控制流图 (Control Flow Graph, CFG) 
- 抽象语法树 (Abstract Syntax Tree, AST) 
- 静态单赋值 (Static Single-Assignment, SSA) 
16.3.3. 硬件设备¶
16.3.3.1. 存储设备¶
- 只读存储器 (Read Only Memory, ROM) 
- 随机存取存储器 (Random Access Memory, RAM) 
- 静态随机存取存储器 (Static Random Access Memory, SRAM) 
- 动态随机存取存储器 (Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM) 
- 非易失内存芯片 (Non-Volatile Memory) 
- 带电可擦可编程只读存储器 (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-only Memory, EEPROM) 
- 非易失性随机访问存储器 (Non-Volatile Random Access Memory, NVRAM) 
- 内存技术设备 (Memory Technology Device, MTD) 
16.3.3.2. 处理设备¶
- CPU (Central Process Unit) 
- GPU (Graphic Process Unit) 
- 算术逻辑单元 (Arithmetic and Logic Unit, ALU) 
16.3.3.3. 硬件接口¶
- UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) 
- JTAG (Joint Test Action Group) 
- 外设部件互连标准 (Peripheral Component Interconnect, PCI) 
16.3.4. 数据交互¶
- MMIO (Memory-Mapped Input/Output) 
- PMIO (Port-Mapped Input/Output) 
- DMA (direct memory access) 
- 应用二进制接口 (Application Binary Interface, ABI) 
16.3.5. 指令集架构¶
- ISA (Industrial Standard Architecture) 
- 指令集体系结构 (Instruction Set Architecture) 
- IRQ (Interrupt Request) 
- 复杂指令集运算 (Complex Instruction Set Computing, CISC) 
- 精简指令集运算 (Reduced Instruction Set Computing, RISC) 
- 显式并行指令集运算 (Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing, EPIC) 
16.3.6. 程序分析¶
- S2E (Symbolic Sombolic Exection) 
16.3.7. 内存与地址¶
- Guest虚拟地址 (Guest Virtual Address, GVA) 
- Guest物理地址 (Guest Physical Address, GPA) 
- Host虚拟地址 (Host Virtual Address, HVA) 
- Host物理地址 (Host Physical Address, HPA) 
- 内存管理单元 (Memory Management Unit, MMU) 
- 内存管理单元 (Paged Memory Management Unit, PMMU) 
16.3.8. 安全机制¶
- WDAC (Windows Defender Application Control) 
16.3.9. 机制¶
- 写时复制 (Copy On Write, COW)